Question catalogue in force since 2024-07-01
Living in a democracy
Basic rights, the Grundgesetz and the rule of law, the five constitutional bodies, elections and the five electoral principles, parties, federalism, separation of powers and the welfare state — the largest area of the question catalogue, explained briefly and in plain language.
Human dignity comes first
Article 1 of the Basic Law opens with the sentence: "Human dignity shall be inviolable." It stands first deliberately, as an answer to the experience of the Nazi period. Dignity applies to every person — regardless of origin, religion, gender or residence status. It therefore also applies to people who hold no German passport. The state may never treat a person as a mere object: torture is forbidden, and so is the death penalty. Article 1 cannot be abolished even by amending the Basic Law. This so-called eternity guarantee is set out in Article 79 paragraph 3. Article 1 appears very often in the question catalogue.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
Freedom of opinion, press and religion
Article 5 protects freedom of opinion: everyone may state, write and spread their opinion. Freedom of the press and of broadcasting is set out there too, and there is no censorship. The general laws do set limits, though — insult, incitement to hatred and Holocaust denial are criminal offences. Criticising the government, by contrast, is expressly permitted and nobody is punished for it. Article 4 protects freedom of religion: you may believe what you wish, practise your religion, change religion or have no religion at all. Germany has no state religion. People persecuted for their faith may apply for asylum under Article 16a.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
The Basic Law and the rule of law
The Basic Law is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany. It came into force on 23 May 1949. Calling it "Grundgesetz" rather than "constitution" was deliberate: it was meant to apply only until reunification. Since 1990 it has applied across the whole of Germany. Article 20 names the principles of the state: Germany is a democratic and social federal state, and all state authority derives from the people. The rule of law means the state itself is bound by law. Anyone can challenge a state decision in court. The courts are independent, and judges are subject only to the law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
The separation of powers
State authority is divided into three branches. The legislature makes the laws — that is the Bundestag and the Bundesrat. The executive carries the laws out — this includes the federal government, the administration and the police. The judiciary applies the law — these are the independent courts. This division ensures that no single body gains too much power and that the three branches check one another. That is why a court may, for instance, overturn a government decision. In a dictatorship this check is missing. The separation of powers is set out in Article 20 paragraph 2 of the Basic Law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
The five constitutional bodies
Five bodies share the highest state authority. The Bundestag is elected by the people, passes the laws and elects the Federal Chancellor. The Bundesrat represents the 16 Länder and takes part in legislation. The federal government consists of the Chancellor and the ministers and directs policy. The Federal President is the head of state and represents Germany abroad. The Federal Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe checks whether laws are compatible with the Basic Law. A memory aid for the test: the Chancellor governs, the President represents, the Court reviews.
Source: www.bundestag.de
Elections and the five electoral principles
The Bundestag is normally elected every four years. You may vote if you hold German citizenship and are at least 18 years old. Article 38 names five principles: universal — all adults may vote; direct — votes go straight to the candidates, not via electors; free — nobody may be forced or pressured into voting a certain way; equal — every vote counts the same; secret — nobody learns how you voted. That is what the polling booth is for. There is no compulsory voting in Germany. These five principles are asked about often in the catalogue.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
First vote and second vote
The ballot paper for a Bundestag election has two columns. With the first vote on the left you elect a person directly from your own constituency. With the second vote on the right you vote for a party. The second vote is the more important one: it decides how strongly a party is represented in the Bundestag. You may split the two votes, choosing a candidate from one party and the list of another. A ballot paper with something written on it or crossed out can be invalid. This topic also appears in the catalogue as a picture question showing a sample ballot.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
Parties and the five percent threshold
Under Article 21 of the Basic Law, parties take part in forming the political will of the people. Anyone may found a party or join one. Parties must be democratic in their internal structure and must disclose their finances. A party that seeks to abolish the free democratic basic order can be banned only by the Federal Constitutional Court — not by the government. In Bundestag elections the five percent threshold applies: a party enters the Bundestag only if it wins at least five percent of the second votes. This is meant to prevent a fragmented parliament of the kind that was a problem in the Weimar Republic.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
Federalism: the federation and the Länder
Germany is a federal state made up of 16 Länder. Each Land has its own constitution, its own parliament — usually called a Landtag — and its own government. Responsibilities are divided. The federation handles foreign policy, defence, citizenship and currency. The Länder are responsible above all for schools and education, the police and culture. That is why school holidays and curricula differ from Land to Land. Through the Bundesrat the Länder take part in federal legislation. Federalism spreads power across many shoulders — this too is a lesson from the Nazi period. In the test this is where the ten questions on your own Land belong.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
The welfare state
Article 20 expressly describes Germany as a social federal state. The welfare-state principle means the state provides a minimum standard of living compatible with human dignity and protects people in hardship. This rests above all on the social insurance schemes: health, long-term care, pension, unemployment and accident insurance. Contributions are normally paid jointly by employees and employers. Alongside these come tax-funded benefits such as child benefit. The idea behind it is solidarity: many people jointly carry a risk that would overwhelm an individual. Which benefit applies in a particular case is always decided by the competent authority — this text only explains exam material.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
Questions from this area
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- Question 1 of 182Catalogue question 15
What does the German Basic Law forbid?
- A — Military service is regulated by law and not forbidden in principle; the Basic Law expressly permits it (Art. 12a).
- B — Correct: Art. 12(2) and (3) of the Basic Law forbid forced labour except in narrowly defined cases such as a court-ordered deprivation of liberty.
- C — Free choice of occupation is a basic right (Art. 12(1) Basic Law) and is protected, not forbidden.
- D — Working abroad is covered by freedom of movement and is not forbidden by the Basic Law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 2 of 182Catalogue question 251
If someone in Germany hits a child, …
- A — Violence against children is not purely a private matter; it is forbidden by law and can be prosecuted.
- B — The ban on violence applies even within the family; it is not a purely internal family matter.
- C — Incorrect: corporal punishment is forbidden and punishable.
- D — Correct: § 1631(2) of the Civil Code expressly forbids corporal punishment, emotional harm and other degrading measures in raising children; violations can be prosecuted as assault (§ 223 Criminal Code).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 3 of 182Catalogue question 16
When is freedom of expression restricted in Germany?
- A — Correct: freedom of expression finds one of its limits in the right to personal honour (Art. 5(2) Basic Law); knowingly false factual claims about others are not protected.
- B — Expressing opinions about the government is precisely a core area of protected free speech, not a restriction on it.
- C — Discussing and criticising religion is generally covered by freedom of expression.
- D — Criticising the state is a central part of democratic freedom of expression and is not restricted.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 4 of 182Catalogue question 283
What do you do if you receive an incorrect bill from a German authority?
- A — Inaction results in the incorrect notice becoming final once the deadline expires.
- B — Correct: against a defective administrative act (such as an incorrect fee or cost invoice), one files a formal objection with the issuing authority.
- C — Simply sending the bill back without a formal statement of reasons does not correspond to the intended legal procedure (an objection).
- D — The tax office is only responsible for tax assessments, not for any arbitrary bill from an authority — one turns to the issuing authority itself.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 5 of 182Catalogue question 17
German law forbids …
- A — Freedom of expression is a protected basic right (Art. 5 Basic Law) and is not forbidden.
- B — The right to petition is guaranteed in Art. 17 of the Basic Law, not forbidden.
- C — Freedom of assembly is a basic right (Art. 8 Basic Law) and is protected, not forbidden.
- D — Correct: the general principle of equality (Art. 3 Basic Law) forbids the state from treating its citizens unequally without justification.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 6 of 182Catalogue question 89
What is the association of one party's members in parliament called in Germany?
- A — An "association" is a general term for interest organisations, not a parliamentary technical term.
- B — The council of elders is a body for organising parliamentary work, not an association of party members.
- C — Correct: a Fraktion (parliamentary group) is the grouping of the members of one party (or allied parties) in parliament.
- D — Opposition refers to all non-governing parliamentary groups together, not the grouping of one single party's members.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 7 of 182Catalogue question 112
Elections in Germany are …
- A — "Special" is not one of the five constitutional principles of elections.
- B — Correct: under Art. 38(1) of the Basic Law, elections are general, direct, free, equal and secret — the secret ballot protects against influence and monitoring of how someone votes.
- C — The right to vote is independent of occupation; every eligible citizen may vote, regardless of their job.
- D — The right to vote applies equally to all genders (principle of equality, Art. 3(2), (3) Basic Law).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 8 of 182Catalogue question 61
What does "popular sovereignty" mean?
- A — Germany is a republic without a monarch; this describes the opposite of popular sovereignty.
- B — The Federal Constitutional Court is bound by the constitution, not above it.
- C — Interest groups (lobbies) have no constitutional sovereignty; that would contradict democratic legitimacy.
- D — Correct: Art. 20(2) of the Basic Law establishes that all state authority is derived from the people — that is the definition of popular sovereignty.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 9 of 182Catalogue question 212
What is Germany's full name?
- A — "Federal State Germany" is not an official state designation.
- B — "Federal States Germany" is not an official state designation but describes the constituent states.
- C — Correct: the official full name is Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Federal Republic of Germany), laid down in the Basic Law.
- D — "Federal District Germany" is not an official designation.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 10 of 182Catalogue question 139
When does a case go to trial in Germany? When someone …
- A — A change of religion is protected by freedom of religion (Art. 4 Basic Law) and does not lead to a criminal trial.
- B — Correct: a criminal trial takes place when the public prosecutor's office, after investigations, brings charges over an alleged criminal offence (§ 170 Code of Criminal Procedure), on which the court then decides.
- C — A differing political opinion is protected by freedom of expression and does not give rise to a criminal trial.
- D — Towing away a car for illegal parking is an administrative measure, generally not a separate court proceeding.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 11 of 182Catalogue question 223
Which country is a neighbouring country of Germany?
- A — Romania lies in south-eastern Europe, with no common border with Germany.
- B — Bulgaria lies on the Black Sea, far from Germany, with no common border.
- C — Correct: Poland is one of Germany's nine direct neighbouring countries, to the east.
- D — Greece lies in south-eastern Europe, with no common border with Germany.
Source: www.auswaertiges-amt.de
- Question 12 of 182Catalogue question 79
What does the abbreviation FDP stand for in Germany?
- A — "Peaceful Demonstrative Party" is not a real designation.
- B — "Free Germany Party" is not the official name of the FDP.
- C — "Leading Democratic Party" is not the correct expansion of the abbreviation.
- D — Correct: FDP stands for Freie Demokratische Partei (Free Democratic Party), founded in 1948, traditionally liberal and pro-business in orientation.
Source: www.fdp.de
- Question 13 of 182Catalogue question 134
Someone wants to abolish the bus line you always take to work. What can you do to keep the bus line?
- A — Correct: a citizens' initiative is precisely the intended means for exerting local political influence on concrete administrative decisions such as public transport.
- B — Cycling does not solve the problem of a discontinued bus line and is not a form of political influence.
- C — Taxpayers have no direct enforceable right to a particular bus line, and the tax office is not responsible for public transport planning.
- D — The forestry office is responsible for forests, not public transport — the correct body would be the transport or public order office, or the municipal council.
Source: www.bmi.bund.de
- Question 14 of 182Catalogue question 82
Who chairs the German federal cabinet?
- A — The President of the Bundestag chairs parliamentary sessions, not the cabinet.
- B — The Federal President has representative duties but does not lead the work of government.
- C — The President of the Bundesrat chairs the chamber of the Länder, not the federal cabinet.
- D — Correct: the Federal Chancellor chairs the federal cabinet and sets the guidelines of policy (Art. 65 Basic Law).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 15 of 182Catalogue question 229
Which country is a neighbouring country of Germany?
- A — Spain does not border Germany; France lies between them.
- B — Bulgaria lies on the Black Sea, far from Germany, with no common border.
- C — Norway does not border Germany but lies further north in Scandinavia.
- D — Correct: Luxembourg is one of Germany's nine direct neighbouring countries, to the west.
Source: www.auswaertiges-amt.de
- Question 16 of 182Catalogue question 232
Who is elected in the European election?
- A — The European Commission is not directly elected but is proposed by the member states and confirmed by the European Parliament.
- B — The accession of new countries to the EU is an international treaty process, not an election of individuals.
- C — Correct: in the European election, citizens of the EU member states directly elect the members of the European Parliament.
- D — A "European constitution" in the formal sense was rejected in 2005; the Lisbon Treaty took its place — in any case, no constitution is "elected".
Source: www.europarl.europa.eu
- Question 17 of 182Catalogue question 87
Who is the head of state of the Federal Republic of Germany?
- A — The Federal Chancellor is the head of government, not the head of state.
- B — Correct: under Art. 54 ff. of the Basic Law, the Federal President is Germany's head of state, with primarily representative duties.
- C — The President of the Bundesrat represents the chamber of the Länder, not the state as a whole.
- D — The President of the Bundestag chairs parliament but is not the head of state.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 18 of 182Catalogue question 238
In which places does the European Parliament work?
- A — Paris, London and The Hague are not among the three official working locations of the European Parliament.
- B — Correct: the European Parliament works in three locations — Strasbourg (plenary sessions), Brussels (committees, group meetings) and Luxembourg (secretariat-general).
- C — Rome, Bern and Vienna are not working locations of the European Parliament; Switzerland is also not an EU member.
- D — Bonn, Zurich and Milan are not working locations of the European Parliament.
Source: www.europarl.europa.eu
- Question 19 of 182Catalogue question 12
A party in the German Bundestag wants to abolish freedom of the press. Is that possible?
- A — A simple majority is not enough to amend the Basic Law — and even a majority could not touch the essential core of a basic right.
- B — Even a two-thirds majority in the Bundestag and Bundesrat could not fully abolish freedom of the press, because the "eternity clause" (Art. 79(3) Basic Law) protects the core of basic rights.
- C — Correct: freedom of the press is a basic right (Art. 5(1) Basic Law) and its essential core is protected from abolition by the eternity clause (Art. 79(3) Basic Law).
- D — The Bundesrat alone has no power to abolish basic rights; constitutional amendments require the Bundestag and Bundesrat together — and even then the core of press freedom is untouchable.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 20 of 182Catalogue question 141
Who in Germany advises people on legal matters and represents them in court?
- A — Correct: lawyers advise on legal matters and represent their clients in court (§ 3 Federal Lawyers' Act).
- B — A judge decides on the case neutrally but does not advise or represent either party.
- C — A lay judge is part of the court and likewise does not advise or represent either party.
- D — A public prosecutor represents the prosecution on behalf of the state, not an individual citizen's interests.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 21 of 182Catalogue question 68
Why does the state control the school system in Germany?
- A — Germany also has private and denominational schools, not only state schools.
- B — Compulsory schooling exists, but it is not the reason for state supervision of schools as such.
- C — Differences between the states explain federal diversity, not state oversight of the school system itself.
- D — Correct: Art. 7(1) of the Basic Law expressly places the entire school system under the supervision of the state.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 22 of 182Catalogue question 105
What is one task of election officials in Germany?
- A — Personal assistance in the polling booth is not a regular task of election officials but can be provided by a support person of the voter's own choosing.
- B — Notification cards are sent out by the municipal administration, not written by volunteer election officials.
- C — Election officials do not pass interim results on to the media — that would violate the secrecy of the ballot and the duty of neutrality.
- D — Correct: after the election, the volunteer election officials on the electoral board publicly count the votes cast.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
- Question 23 of 182Catalogue question 94
From what age can you take part in the election to the German Bundestag?
- A — 16 applies to some municipal and state elections in certain federal states, not to Bundestag elections.
- B — Correct: under Art. 38(2) of the Basic Law, anyone who has reached the age of 18 is eligible to vote in Bundestag elections.
- C — 21 is set too high and does not match the current age threshold.
- D — 23 is set too high and does not match the current age threshold.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 24 of 182Catalogue question 60
In Germany, the Bundestag and Bundesrat belong to the …
- A — The executive consists of the government and administration, not the parliamentary chambers.
- B — Correct: the Bundestag and Bundesrat are the legislative organs in Germany.
- C — "Directive" is not one of the three branches of state power.
- D — The judiciary consists of the courts, not the Bundestag and Bundesrat.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 25 of 182Catalogue question 41
Why are there more than one party in a democracy?
- A — Correct: a multi-party system reflects the diversity of political opinion among the population and enables genuine electoral choice.
- B — Multiple parties do not automatically prevent corruption; that is not the actual purpose of a multi-party system.
- C — Demonstrations are a separate basic right (Art. 8 Basic Law) and are unrelated to the number of parties.
- D — Economic competition is regulated by competition law and market order, not by the number of political parties.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 26 of 182Catalogue question 9
Which basic right in Germany applies only to foreign nationals? The right to …
- A — Protection of marriage and family (Art. 6 Basic Law) is a right "for everyone" and applies to all, not just to foreigners.
- B — Human dignity (Art. 1 Basic Law) is the most fundamental of all rights and applies to every human being without exception.
- C — Correct: the right to asylum (Art. 16a Basic Law) can, by its very nature, only be claimed by people who are not already German nationals.
- D — Freedom of expression (Art. 5 Basic Law) is likewise a right for everyone living in Germany, not just foreigners.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 27 of 182Catalogue question 56
Which office belongs to municipal administration in Germany?
- A — The parish office is a church institution, not a municipal administrative authority.
- B — Correct: the public order office (Ordnungsamt) is a classic authority of local self-government, responsible for example for local public safety and order.
- C — The tax office is a state (Land) authority (with federal oversight on tax matters), not a municipal authority.
- D — The Federal Foreign Office is a top-level federal authority for foreign policy, not a municipal institution.
Source: www.bmi.bund.de
- Question 28 of 182Catalogue question 24
How many federal states does the Federal Republic of Germany have?
- A — 14 is too low; Germany has more federal states than that.
- B — 15 is too low; Germany has more federal states than that.
- C — Correct: Germany consists of 16 federal states (Bundesländer), since the East German states joined in 1990.
- D — 17 is too high; Germany has one fewer federal state than that.
Source: www.bundesrat.de
- Question 29 of 182Catalogue question 74
What is the parliament for the whole of Germany called?
- A — The Federal Convention only meets to elect the Federal President; it is not a standing parliament.
- B — The People's Chamber (Volkskammer) was East Germany's parliament and has not existed since reunification.
- C — Correct: the Bundestag is the standing, directly elected parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany.
- D — The Federal Court of Justice is the highest court of ordinary jurisdiction, not a parliament.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 30 of 182Catalogue question 246
From what age is someone of legal age in Germany?
- A — 16 is the age threshold for certain individual rights (e.g. local election voting rights in some states), not general legal majority.
- B — Correct: under § 2 of the Civil Code, legal majority is reached upon completion of the 18th year of life.
- C — 19 is not a relevant age threshold in German law.
- D — 21 used to be (until 1975) the age of majority, but is no longer today.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 31 of 182Catalogue question 103
What is referred to in Germany as a "traffic light coalition"? The cooperation …
- A — The CDU and CSU are sister parties with a joint parliamentary group, not a "traffic light" alliance of three parties.
- B — Correct: "traffic light coalition" refers to the alliance of SPD (red), FDP (yellow) and Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (green) — named after the three party colours, which match the colours of a traffic light. This coalition governed Germany from 2021 to 2024.
- C — This combination of parties does not match the historical traffic-light coalition or its colour scheme.
- D — An alliance of CDU and SPD is called a "grand coalition", not a traffic-light coalition.
Source: www.bpb.de
- Question 32 of 182Catalogue question 237
In 2007, the 50th anniversary of the "Treaties of Rome" was celebrated. What was the content of the treaties?
- A — West Germany's accession to NATO took place in 1955 through the Paris Agreements, not through the Treaties of Rome of 1957.
- B — Correct: the Treaties of Rome of 25 March 1957 founded the European Economic Community (EEC) and Euratom, the predecessors of today's EU.
- C — Reparations issues were addressed in other agreements (including the Potsdam Conference, later treaties), not in the Treaties of Rome.
- D — The Oder-Neisse line was only established as Germany's eastern border in the Treaty of Warsaw in 1970 and finally in the Two Plus Four Treaty in 1990, not in the Treaties of Rome.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 33 of 182Catalogue question 150
A lay judge in Germany is …
- A — A lay judge holds no municipal administrative office and is not the deputy of a mayor's office.
- B — Correct: lay judges are voluntary lay judges who take part temporarily in court proceedings (§§ 30 ff. Courts Constitution Act).
- C — A lay judge is not a position on the municipal council but a judicial function.
- D — A law degree is precisely not required for the office of lay judge — it is deliberately a lay office, open to citizens without legal training.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 34 of 182Catalogue question 53
What does "Rechtsstaat" (rule-of-law state) mean in Germany?
- A — This is a play on the similar-sounding words, but factually wrong: "Rechtsstaat" does not mean the state is automatically right.
- B — "Rechtsstaat" has nothing to do with parties' political left-right orientation; it is a constitutional principle.
- C — Citizens elect the legislature but do not decide directly on individual laws — that is representative democracy, not the definition of Rechtsstaat.
- D — Correct: in a Rechtsstaat, the state itself is also bound by the law (Art. 20(3) Basic Law); arbitrariness is excluded.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 35 of 182Catalogue question 281
Two friends want to go to a public swimming pool in Germany. Both have dark skin and are refused entry because of it. Which right is violated in this situation? The right to …
- A — Freedom of expression concerns expressing opinions, not access to public facilities.
- B — Correct: exclusion on the basis of skin colour is discrimination on grounds of ethnic origin, forbidden by the General Equal Treatment Act (AGG) and Art. 3(3) of the Basic Law — the right to equal treatment is violated.
- C — Freedom of assembly protects the right to gather with others, not individual access to a swimming pool.
- D — Freedom of movement concerns the free choice of residence, not access to a single public facility.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 36 of 182Catalogue question 279
Most rented apartment buildings in Germany have "house rules". What is in such "house rules"? They set out …
- A — Public transport has nothing to do with house rules; that is a different regulatory area.
- B — House rules do not list the names of tenants; that would be a tenant directory, not a set of rules.
- C — Correct: the house rules contain rules of conduct for living together in the building, such as quiet hours, cleaning the stairwell or waste separation, which all residents must observe.
- D — Authority addresses do not belong in house rules; these regulate living together in the building.
Source: www.mieterbund.de
- Question 37 of 182Catalogue question 266
When does the legally mandated quiet period at night begin in Germany?
- A — Sunset varies greatly with the season and location and is not a legally fixed time for the quiet period.
- B — Neighbours' individual sleep rhythms are not an objective, legally decisive standard.
- C — Midnight is not the legally usual start of the night-time quiet period in Germany.
- D — Correct: under the states' immission control laws and the common rule in tenancy and neighbour law, the night-time quiet period usually begins at 10pm and lasts until 6 or 7am.
Source: www.mieterbund.de
- Question 38 of 182Catalogue question 276
What should you do if you are treated badly by your contact person at a German authority?
- A — There are indeed options for action against misconduct by public officials.
- B — One does not have to accept inappropriate behaviour without objection; there are avenues for complaint.
- C — Threats are themselves a criminal offence (§ 241 Criminal Code) and not an appropriate or legal response.
- D — Correct: citizens can, informally or formally, complain to the superior office or head of the authority about misconduct; this is a recognised right.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 39 of 182Catalogue question 233
Which country is a neighbouring country of Germany?
- A — Correct: Czechia is one of Germany's nine direct neighbouring countries, to the south-east.
- B — Bulgaria lies on the Black Sea, far from Germany, with no common border.
- C — Greece lies in south-eastern Europe, with no common border with Germany.
- D — Portugal lies on the Atlantic in the far west of the Iberian Peninsula, far from Germany.
Source: www.auswaertiges-amt.de
- Question 40 of 182Catalogue question 80
Which court in Germany is responsible for interpreting the Basic Law?
- A — The Higher Regional Court is part of ordinary jurisdiction, not responsible for constitutional interpretation.
- B — The Local Court is the lowest level of ordinary jurisdiction, likewise not responsible for constitutional matters.
- C — Correct: the Federal Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe oversees compliance with and interpretation of the Basic Law (Art. 93 Basic Law).
- D — Administrative courts decide disputes with public authorities, not constitutional interpretation itself.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 41 of 182Catalogue question 109
How often are Bundestag elections normally held in Germany?
- A — Every three years is too frequent; the legislative term is longer.
- B — Correct: under Art. 39 of the Basic Law, the Bundestag is regularly re-elected every four years.
- C — Every five years does not match the Bundestag's legislative term (though it roughly matches the European Parliament's).
- D — Every six years does not match the Bundestag's legislative term.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 42 of 182Catalogue question 30
Which of these is not a feature of our democracy?
- A — Regular elections are a central feature of democracy.
- B — Correct: press censorship contradicts the freedom of the press guaranteed by the Basic Law (Art. 5(1)) and is not a feature of democracy but typical of authoritarian systems.
- C — Freedom of expression is a fundamental pillar of democracy.
- D — A multi-party system is typical of pluralistic democracy.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 43 of 182Catalogue question 136
In Germany, you go to the labour court in the case of …
- A — Disputes about utility cost statements for rented flats belong before the Local Court (civil court), not the labour court.
- B — Correct: the labour court has jurisdiction over disputes arising from an employment relationship, such as an unfair dismissal claim (§ 2 Labour Courts Act).
- C — Neighbour disputes are of a civil-law nature and belong before the Local Court, not the labour court.
- D — Claims after a traffic accident are civil-law matters (compensation) and belong before the ordinary civil courts, not the labour court.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 44 of 182Catalogue question 114
Taking part in democratic elections in Germany is …
- A — There is no compulsory voting in Germany; nobody has to go to the polls.
- B — Correct: the right to vote (Art. 38 Basic Law) is a basic right that one may exercise, but is not obliged to.
- C — There is no compulsion to take part in elections in Germany.
- D — Describing voting as a "burden" contradicts its character as a democratic right to freedom.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 45 of 182Catalogue question 106
In Germany, volunteer election officials help with elections. What is one task of election officials?
- A — Children may not vote in Germany; assistance with voting is provided, where needed, by a support person of the voter's own choosing, not a general election-official task.
- B — Notification cards stating the polling station are sent out by the municipal administration, not by volunteer election officials on election day.
- C — Passing interim results on to the media would violate the duty of neutrality and is not a task of election officials.
- D — Correct: after the polling stations close, the election officials on the electoral board publicly count the votes.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
- Question 46 of 182Catalogue question 6
What is Germany's constitution called?
- A — "Volksgesetz" (People's Law) is not an official name of any German legal text.
- B — "Bundesgesetz" (Federal Law) is a general umbrella term for laws of the Bund, not the name of the constitution.
- C — "Deutsches Gesetz" (German Law) is not an official designation.
- D — Correct: the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany is called the Grundgesetz (Basic Law), promulgated in 1949.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 47 of 182Catalogue question 290
You bought a television in Germany. At home you unpack the television, but it does not work. The television is broken. What can you do?
- A — A broken device is not a criminal matter but a civil-law warranty case — a police report is not the right remedy.
- B — Correct: for a defective purchased item, you can, under the warranty provisions of the Civil Code (§ 437), make a claim with the seller and demand supplementary performance (repair or replacement).
- C — Exchanging the device unilaterally without prior agreement is not the legally intended route; the claim to the seller comes first.
- D — The warranty is a voluntary manufacturer's commitment and cannot simply be "extended" unilaterally; that is not a response step to a defective device.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 48 of 182Catalogue question 25
Which of these is not a federal state of the Federal Republic of Germany?
- A — Correct: Alsace-Lorraine is in France and has never been a federal state of the Federal Republic of Germany.
- B — North Rhine-Westphalia is one of the 16 federal states.
- C — Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is one of the 16 federal states.
- D — Saxony-Anhalt is one of the 16 federal states.
Source: www.bundesrat.de
- Question 49 of 182Catalogue question 277
A woman with a two-year-old child applies for a job in Germany. What is an example of discrimination? She does not get the job solely because she …
- A — A lack of required language skills can be a factually permissible, non-discriminatory reason for rejection, provided the language is actually necessary for the job.
- B — Excessive salary expectations are a legitimate economic reason for rejection, not discrimination.
- C — Lack of professional experience is a factual, permissible selection criterion.
- D — Correct: rejection solely because of motherhood is impermissible discrimination on grounds of gender or family situation, forbidden under the General Equal Treatment Act (AGG).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 50 of 182Catalogue question 73
The two largest parliamentary groups in the German Bundestag are currently called …
- A — Correct by seat count: in the 21st Bundestag (since the 2025 election), the CDU/CSU group is the largest; the AfD group is the second largest. This holds regardless of which parties form the governing coalition.
- B — Neither Die Linke nor Bündnis 90/Die Grünen are among the two largest groups by membership in the current Bundestag.
- C — Bündnis 90/Die Grünen is considerably smaller than AfD and SPD in the current Bundestag; this combination does not match the actual size order.
- D — Die Linke is represented in the Bundestag but is not among the two largest groups.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 51 of 182Catalogue question 128
Members of parliament elected by citizens are called …
- A — Correct: parliament members elected by citizens are called Abgeordnete (members of parliament).
- B — There is only one Federal Chancellor, elected by the Bundestag — not the term for all parliament members.
- C — Ambassadors represent Germany diplomatically abroad and are not elected parliament members.
- D — Minister-Presidents are heads of government of the Länder, not a general term for parliament members.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 52 of 182Catalogue question 38
The Federal Republic of Germany is a democratic and social …
- A — "Staatenverbund" (a compound of states) rather describes the EU (per the Federal Constitutional Court), not Germany's internal structure.
- B — Correct: Art. 20(1) of the Basic Law describes Germany as a democratic and social federal state made up of 16 constituent Länder.
- C — A confederation is a loose alliance of sovereign states (like the former German Confederation) — Germany itself is not that.
- D — A unitary state has no independent constituent states with their own legislative power — Germany with its 16 Länder is not a unitary state.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 53 of 182Catalogue question 278
A man in a wheelchair has applied for a job as an accountant. What is an example of discrimination? He does not get the job solely because he …
- A — Correct: a rejection solely because of a disability — here the wheelchair, without it actually impairing his work as an accountant — is discrimination on grounds of disability, forbidden under the AGG.
- B — Lack of experience is a factual, permissible selection criterion.
- C — Excessive salary expectations are a legitimate economic reason for rejection.
- D — A lack of required language skills can be a factually permissible criterion, provided it is actually needed.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 54 of 182Catalogue question 37
What are the heads of government of most German federal states called?
- A — "First Minister" is not a title used in Germany.
- B — "Prime Minister" is the title used in other countries (e.g. the UK), not the usual German term.
- C — "Senator" is used only in the city-states of Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen for government members, not in the majority of the Länder.
- D — Correct: in most of the 16 federal states, the head of government is called Ministerpräsident/in (Minister-President).
Source: www.bundesrat.de
- Question 55 of 182Catalogue question 123
What is the "5% threshold" in Germany?
- A — The 5% threshold is not an internal voting rule for small parties already represented in the Bundestag, but a condition of entry.
- B — The 5% threshold has nothing to do with attendance checks.
- C — Correct: the 5% threshold is the threshold clause in the Federal Elections Act — a party must reach at least 5% of the second votes to enter the Bundestag via the list.
- D — The 5% threshold concerns the Bundestag election, not attendance checks in the Bundesrat.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 56 of 182Catalogue question 32
Which of these is not a branch of state power in Germany?
- A — Legislation is one of the three branches of state power under Art. 20(2) of the Basic Law.
- B — Government belongs to the executive branch, one of the three branches of state power.
- C — Correct: the press is often called the "fourth estate" but is not a branch of state power under Art. 20(2) of the Basic Law — it is precisely independent of the state.
- D — The judiciary is one of the three branches of state power under Art. 20(2) of the Basic Law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 57 of 182Catalogue question 230
The European Parliament is regularly elected, namely every …
- A — Correct: the European Parliament is elected every five years in general, direct elections by the citizens of the EU member states.
- B — 6 years does not correspond to a regular term of the European Parliament.
- C — 7 years does not correspond to a regular term of the European Parliament (even though the EU's multiannual financial framework spans seven years — that is a different matter).
- D — 8 years does not correspond to a regular term of the European Parliament.
Source: www.europarl.europa.eu
- Question 58 of 182Catalogue question 274
In Germany, you have intentionally opened a letter addressed to another person. What have you failed to observe?
- A — The right to remain silent is a right of the accused in criminal procedure not to incriminate themselves — it has nothing to do with opening someone else's mail.
- B — Correct: Art. 10 of the Basic Law protects the secrecy of correspondence; unauthorised opening of someone else's mail is furthermore a criminal offence under § 202 of the Criminal Code (violation of the secrecy of letters).
- C — The duty of confidentiality applies to certain professional secret-holders (e.g. doctors, lawyers), not to general postal secrecy.
- D — Freedom of expression (Art. 5 Basic Law) protects the expression of your own opinions, not opening someone else's mail.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 59 of 182Catalogue question 52
What does "popular sovereignty" mean? All state authority is derived from the …
- A — Correct: Art. 20(2) of the Basic Law states "All state authority is derived from the people" — the people are the source of all legitimacy.
- B — The Bundestag exercises state authority but is itself legitimised by the people, not their origin.
- C — A Prussian king has not existed since 1918 and was never the basis of popular sovereignty under the Basic Law.
- D — The Federal Constitutional Court applies the constitution but is not the source of state authority.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 60 of 182Catalogue question 28
In Germany, who elects the members of the Bundestag?
- A — The military has no political voting function in Germany; it is subject to civilian control.
- B — Business associations may represent interests but do not elect members of parliament.
- C — Correct: under Art. 38 of the Basic Law, the Bundestag is elected by the eligible electorate in general, direct, free, equal and secret elections.
- D — The administration implements laws but has no voting role as an institution.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 61 of 182Catalogue question 142
What is the main task of a judge in Germany? A judge …
- A — Representing citizens in court is undertaken by lawyers, not judges, who decide neutrally.
- B — Correct: judges work at courts and, as part of the judiciary, hand down independent judgments (Art. 92, 97 Basic Law).
- C — Laws are passed and amended by the legislature (parliament), not by judges.
- D — A general caretaking function for young people is not the main task of judges; specialised juvenile judges rule in juvenile criminal law but do not provide social-educational care.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 62 of 182Catalogue question 122
What principle do elections in Germany follow? Elections in Germany are …
- A — Correct: Art. 38(1) of the Basic Law names five electoral principles — general, direct, free, equal, secret; "free, equal, secret" correctly names three of them.
- B — "Open" contradicts the principle of the secret ballot.
- C — "Closed" is not an electoral principle of the Basic Law.
- D — "Voluntary" is not a distinct electoral principle, even though there is in fact no compulsory voting.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 63 of 182Catalogue question 98
When members of the German Bundestag change their parliamentary group, …
- A — Changing parliamentary groups does not strip a member of their free mandate (Art. 38(1) Basic Law); they remain a member of the Bundestag.
- B — Correct: if enough members leave the governing parliamentary groups by switching, the government's parliamentary majority can tip — the free mandate (Art. 38(1) Basic Law) makes this possible.
- C — No consent from the Federal President is required to change parliamentary groups; the free mandate permits this independently.
- D — There is no procedure for an early re-election of individual constituencies because of a change of parliamentary group — the mandate continues until the next regular election.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 64 of 182Catalogue question 116
If you are allowed to vote in a Bundestag election in Germany, this is called …
- A — "Active election campaign" is not a legal term for being allowed to vote.
- B — "Active electoral procedure" is not the correct term for being allowed to vote personally.
- C — "Active campaigning" refers to parties' promotional activity, not an individual's right to vote.
- D — Correct: the right to vote yourself is called active suffrage.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 65 of 182Catalogue question 243
Maik and Sybille want to hold a demonstration on the street with friends where they live in Germany. What must they do beforehand?
- A — Correct: under the Assembly Act, public open-air assemblies must be registered with the responsible authority at least 48 hours in advance — freedom of assembly (Art. 8 Basic Law) still exists, but with this formal requirement.
- B — Pure freedom of assembly without any formal registration requirement does not apply to registered open-air demonstrations; registration is provided for by law.
- C — Demonstrations are precisely a protected basic right in Germany (Art. 8 Basic Law), not fundamentally forbidden.
- D — There is no requirement to found a club for demonstrations; private individuals and loose groups may also demonstrate, provided they register.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 66 of 182Catalogue question 138
What can I do in Germany if my employer has dismissed me unjustly?
- A — Being friendly does not change the legal situation and does not protect against an invalid dismissal.
- B — A default summons procedure serves to enforce monetary claims, not to contest a dismissal.
- C — Correct: an unfair dismissal claim can be filed with the labour court within three weeks against a (allegedly) invalid dismissal (§ 4 Dismissal Protection Act).
- D — An unjustified dismissal is a matter of employment law, not criminal law; the police have no jurisdiction over it.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 67 of 182Catalogue question 69
The Federal Republic of Germany has a three-tier administrative structure. What is the lowest political tier called?
- A — City councils are bodies within the municipal level, not the level itself.
- B — District administrators (Landräte) head rural districts, a middle administrative tier, not the lowest political level.
- C — Correct: the municipalities (towns, villages) form the lowest level of the three-tier structure of federal government, states and municipalities, with their own right of self-government (Art. 28(2) Basic Law).
- D — District offices exist only in some major cities (e.g. Berlin) as a sub-level, not as the general lowest political tier.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 68 of 182Catalogue question 11
What is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany called?
- A — Correct: the constitution is officially called the Grundgesetz (Basic Law) — the name reflects its originally provisional character from 1949.
- B — "Federal Constitution" is not the official designation, even though the term is sometimes used colloquially.
- C — "Code of Law" describes statute collections such as the Civil Code or Criminal Code, not the constitution.
- D — A "Constitutional Treaty" does not exist in Germany; the Basic Law is not a treaty between states.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 69 of 182Catalogue question 72
What is the name of the current Federal Chancellor of Germany?
- A — Gerhard Schröder (SPD) was Federal Chancellor from 1998 to 2005 — no longer in office.
- B — Angela Merkel (CDU) was Federal Chancellor from 2005 to 2021 — no longer in office.
- C — Ursula von der Leyen is President of the European Commission, not the German Federal Chancellor.
- D — Correct: Friedrich Merz (CDU) was elected Federal Chancellor by the Bundestag on 6 May 2025 and has since led a coalition government of CDU/CSU and SPD.
Source: www.bundeskanzler.de
- Question 70 of 182Catalogue question 239
Through which treaties did the Federal Republic of Germany join with other states to form the European Economic Community?
- A — "Hamburg Treaties" is not a real designation for the founding treaties of the EEC.
- B — Correct: the Treaties of Rome of 1957 founded the European Economic Community (EEC).
- C — The Paris Agreements (1952/1955) regulated NATO accession and West Germany's sovereignty, not the founding of the EEC.
- D — "London Agreements" is not a real designation for the founding treaties of the EEC.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 71 of 182Catalogue question 121
A party wants to enter the German Bundestag. But it must have a minimum share of votes. This is called …
- A — Correct: this minimum threshold is called the "5% threshold" (electoral threshold clause) and is regulated in the Federal Elections Act.
- B — "Admission limit" is not an official term for this electoral rule.
- C — "Base value" is not a technical term of electoral law.
- D — "Guideline" is not the technical term for this specific electoral threshold.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 72 of 182Catalogue question 7
Which right is among the basic rights guaranteed by the German constitution? The right to …
- A — Correct: Art. 4 Basic Law guarantees freedom of faith, of conscience, and of religious and ideological belief.
- B — There is no "right to entertainment" in the Basic Law.
- C — There is no enforceable basic right to a specific job, only freedom of occupation (Art. 12 Basic Law).
- D — The Basic Law does not contain an enforceable basic right to housing as such, though welfare-state support exists.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 73 of 182Catalogue question 289
A man with dark skin applies for a job as a waiter in a restaurant in Germany. What is an example of discrimination? He does not get the job solely because …
- A — A lack of German skills actually required for the job can be a factually permissible reason for rejection.
- B — Excessive salary expectations are a legitimate economic criterion, not discrimination.
- C — Correct: a rejection solely because of skin colour is discrimination on grounds of ethnic origin, forbidden under the AGG.
- D — Lack of professional experience is a factual, permissible selection criterion.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 74 of 182Catalogue question 91
In Germany, a change of government in a federal state can affect federal politics. Governing becomes …
- A — A state election result does not directly change the majority in the Bundestag, which is elected independently.
- B — New majority relations in the Bundesrat typically make governing more difficult if the federal government lacks a majority there — not the opposite.
- C — Correct: since the state governments make up the Bundesrat, a change of government in one state can alter the majority relations in the Bundesrat — if the federal government loses its majority there, getting laws approved becomes harder.
- D — The financial wealth of a federal state has no direct influence on cooperation between the federal government and the states in the legislative process.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 75 of 182Catalogue question 13
In parliament, the term "opposition" refers to …
- A — The opposite is true: the governing parties form the government majority, not the opposition.
- B — The largest parliamentary group may or may not be part of the government; size alone does not define the opposition.
- C — The 5% threshold governs entry into parliament, regardless of whether a party later governs or is in opposition.
- D — Correct: the opposition consists of all members and parliamentary groups that do not form the government — they hold the government to account in parliament.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 76 of 182Catalogue question 213
How many inhabitants does Germany have?
- A — 70 million is well below Germany's current population.
- B — 78 million is below the current population figure and corresponds more to older data.
- C — Correct (as of the most recent surveys): Germany has around 84 million inhabitants, the most populous country in the EU.
- D — 90 million is above Germany's current population.
Source: www.destatis.de
- Question 77 of 182Catalogue question 14
Freedom of expression in Germany means that I …
- A — Insulting someone (§ 185 Criminal Code) is a criminal offence and is not covered by freedom of expression.
- B — Correct: freedom of expression (Art. 5(1) Basic Law) expressly protects stating your own opinion, including online.
- C — Publicly displaying symbols of unconstitutional or terrorist organisations is a criminal offence (§ 86a Criminal Code) and is not protected speech.
- D — The opposite is true: criticising the government is precisely a core area protected by freedom of expression.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 78 of 182Catalogue question 227
Which country is a neighbouring country of Germany?
- A — Finland does not border Germany; the Baltic Sea with other coastal states lies between them.
- B — Correct: Denmark is one of Germany's nine direct neighbouring countries, to the north.
- C — Norway does not border Germany but lies further north in Scandinavia.
- D — Sweden does not directly border Germany; the Baltic Sea separates the two countries.
Source: www.auswaertiges-amt.de
- Question 79 of 182Catalogue question 5
Elections in Germany are free. What does that mean?
- A — That would be electoral bribery — a criminal offence under § 108b of the Criminal Code, not an expression of free elections.
- B — The right to vote depends on citizenship, age and residence, not on having no criminal record.
- C — Correct: free elections mean freedom from coercion and influence when casting a vote, and no disadvantage may result from voting.
- D — There is no obligation to vote in Germany; nobody is required to go to the polls.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 80 of 182Catalogue question 147
What is the work of a judge in Germany?
- A — Governing is the task of the Federal Chancellor and the federal government (executive), not judges.
- B — Correct: the main task of judges is to administer justice — to decide independently on disputes and charges (Art. 92, 97 Basic Law).
- C — Drawing up plans (e.g. budget plans) is a task of the executive, not the judiciary.
- D — Laws are enacted by the legislature (Bundestag, Bundesrat), not by judges.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 81 of 182Catalogue question 81
Who elects the Federal Chancellor in Germany?
- A — The Bundesrat represents the Länder in legislation but does not elect the Federal Chancellor.
- B — The Federal Convention only elects the Federal President, not the Chancellor.
- C — There is no direct popular election of the Federal Chancellor in Germany.
- D — Correct: under Art. 63 of the Basic Law, the Bundestag elects the Federal Chancellor on the proposal of the Federal President.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 82 of 182Catalogue question 3
Germany is a state governed by the rule of law. What does that mean?
- A — Correct: in a state governed by the rule of law, the law binds everyone — including the state itself (Art. 20(3) Basic Law). No one stands above the law.
- B — The opposite is true: it is precisely the state's own obligation to the law that makes it a Rechtsstaat.
- C — The laws generally apply to everyone in Germany, regardless of nationality.
- D — Laws are made by the legislature (parliament); courts apply them and administer justice.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 83 of 182Catalogue question 39
What does every German federal state have?
- A — Foreign policy is a federal matter (Art. 32 Basic Law); federal states do not have their own foreign ministers.
- B — The currency (euro) is regulated uniformly at the federal and European level, not by the individual states.
- C — Defence lies with the federal government (Art. 87a Basic Law); the states have no army of their own.
- D — Correct: each of the 16 Länder has its own state government with a Minister-President and its own ministries — that is the core of federalism.
Source: www.bundesrat.de
- Question 84 of 182Catalogue question 120
The electoral system in Germany is a …
- A — A census suffrage ties the right to vote to wealth or tax payments — this does not exist in Germany today.
- B — The three-class voting system was a historical system in the Kingdom of Prussia until 1918, not a current German electoral system.
- C — Correct: Bundestag elections combine elements of majority voting (first vote, directly won constituency seats) with proportional representation (second vote, proportional seat allocation).
- D — "General male suffrage" contradicts today's principle of equality; women have had the right to vote in Germany since 1918.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
- Question 85 of 182Catalogue question 43
When can a party be banned in Germany?
- A — The cost of an election campaign is not grounds for a ban; the Party Act rather regulates transparency of funding.
- B — Correct: under Art. 21(2) of the Basic Law, the Federal Constitutional Court can ban a party that seeks to impair or abolish the free democratic basic order.
- C — Criticism of the head of state is covered by freedom of expression and is not grounds for a ban.
- D — New political ideas and manifestos are part of democratic competition and not grounds for a ban, as long as the free democratic basic order is not under attack.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 86 of 182Catalogue question 86
In Germany, who elects the Federal President?
- A — Correct: the Federal Convention, a body that convenes specially from Bundestag members and members sent by the Länder, elects the Federal President (Art. 54 Basic Law).
- B — The Bundesrat participates in legislation but does not elect the Federal President.
- C — The Bundestag alone does not elect the Federal President — that is the responsibility of the specially formed Federal Convention.
- D — The Federal Constitutional Court has a judicial function, not an electoral function for the head of state.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 87 of 182Catalogue question 64
The Federal Republic of Germany is today structured into …
- A — The four occupation zones existed only directly after 1945 and were superseded in 1949 by the founding of West and East Germany.
- B — This division ended with reunification in 1990; today Germany is a united country.
- C — "Cantons" is the structure of Switzerland, not Germany.
- D — Correct: Germany today is structured into the three administrative levels of the federal government (Bund), the Länder (16), and the municipalities (Kommunen).
Source: www.bpb.de
- Question 88 of 182Catalogue question 127
Why does the 5% threshold exist in the electoral law of the Federal Republic of Germany? It exists because …
- A — Whether party manifestos have things in common is not a legal reason for the threshold clause.
- B — Voter orientation is a secondary aspect, but not the central, constitutionally recognised purpose of the 5% threshold.
- C — Correct: the 5% threshold is meant to prevent excessive fragmentation of parties in the Bundestag, as happened in the Weimar Republic, which led to unstable governments and made forming a government harder — the goal is a functional, stable government.
- D — A party's financial strength is not a reason for the threshold clause; party financing is separately regulated in the Party Act.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 89 of 182Catalogue question 258
What is the youth welfare office in Germany allowed to do?
- A — The choice of school is made by the parents (or, depending on the school type, allocated by the school authority), not by the youth welfare office.
- B — Correct: in cases of acute risk to a child's welfare — such as abuse or neglect — the youth welfare office can intervene under § 8a of Book VIII of the Social Code / § 1666 of the Civil Code and take a child into care.
- C — Child benefit is paid out by the family benefits office (Federal Employment Agency), not by the youth welfare office.
- D — Checking whether a child attends kindergarten is not a typical task of the youth welfare office, especially since attending kindergarten is voluntary in Germany.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 90 of 182Catalogue question 231
What does the term "European integration" mean?
- A — American immigration to Europe is not the subject of the term "European integration".
- B — "European integration" precisely does not mean sealing off but coming together and opening up between member states.
- C — European emigration to the USA is not the subject of the term "European integration".
- D — Correct: "European integration" refers to the historical process of political, economic and legal unification of European states, which led to today's European Union.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 91 of 182Catalogue question 221
Germany is a member of the Schengen Agreement. What does that mean?
- A — Correct: the Schengen Area comprises most EU states (and a few more), between which there are no longer systematic passport checks at internal borders.
- B — The Schengen Area applies only between member states; entry from non-member countries remains subject to border controls and entry requirements.
- C — Schengen applies only within the Schengen Area, not worldwide — not "any country".
- D — The common euro currency is a separate arrangement (the eurozone), independent of the Schengen Agreement on freedom of travel.
Source: home-affairs.ec.europa.eu
- Question 92 of 182Catalogue question 58
In Germany, who appoints the ministers of the federal government?
- A — The President of the Federal Constitutional Court has nothing to do with forming the government; they lead the constitutional judiciary.
- B — Correct: under Art. 64(1) of the Basic Law, the Federal President appoints and dismisses the federal ministers on the proposal of the Federal Chancellor.
- C — The President of the Bundesrat represents the chamber of the Länder and has no power to appoint federal ministers.
- D — The President of the Bundestag chairs parliamentary sessions but does not appoint ministers.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 93 of 182Catalogue question 268
A young woman wants to get her driving licence. She is afraid of the test because her native language is not German. What is correct?
- A — There is no ten-year residence requirement for obtaining a driving licence in Germany.
- B — German language skills are not a legal requirement for a driving licence; the theory test can be taken in several languages.
- C — The driving licence can be obtained in Germany regardless of native language — moving to the country of origin is not necessary.
- D — Correct: the theoretical driving test in Germany can be taken in numerous foreign languages (well over ten), which considerably eases access.
Source: www.bundesregierung.de
- Question 94 of 182Catalogue question 67
What is primarily a responsibility of the federal states in Germany?
- A — Defence lies with the federal government under Art. 87a of the Basic Law, not with the states.
- B — Foreign policy is a federal matter (Art. 32 Basic Law), not a state matter.
- C — Central economic policy is coordinated predominantly at the federal level.
- D — Correct: education and school policy lie at their core with the states ("cultural sovereignty") — each federal state has its own school system and ministry of education.
Source: www.kmk.org
- Question 95 of 182Catalogue question 77
What is the Bundeswehr?
- A — The police are a matter for the states and organisationally separate from the Bundeswehr.
- B — The Bundeswehr is not a port facility; ports are civilian infrastructure.
- C — A citizens' initiative is a voluntary association of citizens, not a state institution like the Bundeswehr.
- D — Correct: the Bundeswehr is the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany, founded in 1955 and subordinate to the Ministry of Defence (Art. 87a Basic Law).
Source: www.bundeswehr.de
- Question 96 of 182Catalogue question 76
What does the abbreviation CDU stand for in Germany?
- A — "Christian German Union" is not the correct expansion of the abbreviation CDU.
- B — The CDU is a political party, not a club of entrepreneurs.
- C — "Christian German Environmental Protection" is not a real organisation and not what CDU stands for.
- D — Correct: CDU stands for Christlich Demokratische Union (Christian Democratic Union), founded in 1945, one of the two large mainstream parties in Germany.
Source: www.cdu.de
- Question 97 of 182Catalogue question 48
Which of these is not a constitutional organ of Germany?
- A — The Bundesrat is a constitutional organ anchored in the Basic Law (Art. 50 ff.), through which the Länder participate in legislation.
- B — The Federal President, as head of state, is a constitutional organ (Art. 54 ff. Basic Law).
- C — Correct: a "citizens' assembly" does not exist as an independent constitutional organ in the Basic Law; direct citizen participation at the federal level is not provided for in this form.
- D — The federal government, as the executive organ, is a constitutional organ (Art. 62 ff. Basic Law).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 98 of 182Catalogue question 282
Which honorary post must German citizens take on if called upon to do so?
- A — Being a club coach is a voluntary honorary post without any statutory obligation.
- B — Correct: under the Federal Elections Act, eligible citizens can be obliged to take on the honorary post of election official — refusal is only possible for an important reason.
- C — Library supervision is not a statutorily mandatory honorary function.
- D — The teaching profession is a regular, paid occupation, not an imposed honorary post.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 99 of 182Catalogue question 26
Germany is …
- A — Germany is not a communist republic; it has a parliamentary democracy and a market economy.
- B — Correct: Art. 20(1) of the Basic Law defines Germany as a democratic and social federal state.
- C — Germany is not a monarchy — it has no hereditary head of state.
- D — "Socialist" is incorrect; Germany has a social market economy, not a socialist planned economy.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 100 of 182Catalogue question 263
In Germany, young people are criminally responsible from age 14. This means: young people aged 14 and older who violate criminal law …
- A — Correct: from age 14, criminal responsibility applies; young people can be held criminally responsible for offences and punished under the Youth Courts Act (JGG) — however, with more lenient, education-oriented sanctions than for adults.
- B — Young people are dealt with under youth criminal law, which has its own, more lenient and education-oriented rules than adult criminal law — it is not identical to how adults are treated.
- C — A sentence is imposed personally and is not "shared" with the parents; German criminal law does not recognise collective family liability.
- D — The opposite is true: from age 14, young people can indeed be held criminally liable.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 101 of 182Catalogue question 236
How many member states does the EU have today?
- A — 21 is well below the current number of members.
- B — 23 is below the current number of members.
- C — 25 is below the current number of members.
- D — Correct: since the United Kingdom's withdrawal (Brexit, 2020), the EU has had 27 member states.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 102 of 182Catalogue question 275
What do you need for a divorce in Germany?
- A — The consent of the spouses' parents is not required for a divorce; the spouses decide independently.
- B — A medical certificate is not required for a divorce; grounds for divorce are regulated under civil law, not medically.
- C — Children have no right of consent to their parents' divorce; the family court does, however, separately consider the child's welfare.
- D — Correct: under § 114 of the Family Proceedings Act, legal representation is mandatory in divorce proceedings — at least the party filing the petition must be represented by a lawyer.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 103 of 182Catalogue question 117
What minimum percentage of second votes must parties receive to be elected to the German Bundestag?
- A — 3% is below the actual threshold clause.
- B — 4% is just below the actual threshold clause.
- C — Correct: under the Federal Elections Act, a threshold clause of 5% of second votes applies (or alternatively at least three won constituency seats).
- D — 6% is above the actual threshold clause.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 104 of 182Catalogue question 137
Which court has jurisdiction over workplace conflicts in Germany?
- A — The family court decides on family-law matters such as divorce or custody, not workplace conflicts.
- B — The criminal court deals with criminal offences, not civil-law workplace conflicts.
- C — Correct: the labour court has specific jurisdiction over disputes arising from an employment relationship (§ 2 Labour Courts Act).
- D — The local court has jurisdiction over general civil matters of lower value in dispute, not specifically over workplace conflicts.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 105 of 182Catalogue question 57
Who is usually elected President of the German Bundestag?
- A — The oldest member traditionally only chairs the constituent session (as "president by age") but does not automatically become President of the Bundestag.
- B — The office of a state's Minister-President is independent of that of the President of the Bundestag; the two offices are not combined.
- C — Former Federal Chancellors do not typically become President of the Bundestag; this is not a usual career path.
- D — Correct: by parliamentary custom, the President of the Bundestag is usually elected from the largest parliamentary group.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 106 of 182Catalogue question 84
What is the main task of the German Federal President? They …
- A — Governing is the task of the Federal Chancellor and the cabinet, not the Federal President.
- B — Bills come from the government, the Bundestag or the Bundesrat, not from the head of state.
- C — Correct: the Federal President's role is primarily representative — they represent Germany under international law and at home and abroad (Art. 59 Basic Law).
- D — Monitoring compliance with the law is the task of the administration, police and judiciary, not primarily the Federal President.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 107 of 182Catalogue question 129
In Germany, elected by the people is …
- A — The Federal Chancellor is elected by the Bundestag, not directly by the people.
- B — The Minister-President is elected by the state parliament, not directly by the people.
- C — Correct: members of the Bundestag are elected directly by the eligible electorate (Art. 38 Basic Law).
- D — The Federal President is elected by the Federal Convention, not directly by the people.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 108 of 182Catalogue question 267
A young woman in Germany, aged 22, lives together with her boyfriend. The woman's parents disapprove because they do not like the boyfriend. What can the parents do?
- A — Correct: on reaching legal majority (18), the daughter has the right to the free development of her personality (Art. 2(1) Basic Law) and decides for herself how to live her life — the parents no longer have any say.
- B — There is no parental authority over an adult daughter; she cannot be "brought back" against her will.
- C — Living with a partner of her own choosing is not a crime and not grounds for reporting her.
- D — The choice of partner is a strictly personal decision of the adult daughter; the parents have no right to choose a partner for her.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 109 of 182Catalogue question 40
What are the opening words of the German national anthem?
- A — That is the opening line of "The Internationale", the socialist workers' anthem, not the German national anthem.
- B — Correct: the third verse of the Deutschlandlied, the sole national anthem since 1991, begins with "Unity and justice and freedom for the German fatherland".
- C — That is the opening of Schiller's "Ode to Joy", set to music in Beethoven's 9th Symphony and the anthem of the European Union — not Germany's national anthem.
- D — That was the opening line of East Germany's national anthem "Risen from Ruins", not today's all-German anthem.
Source: www.bundespraesident.de
- Question 110 of 182Catalogue question 107
For how many years is the Bundestag elected in Germany?
- A — 2 years is too short; the Bundestag's legislative term is longer.
- B — Correct: under Art. 39 of the Basic Law, the Bundestag is elected for four years.
- C — 6 years is too long for the Bundestag's legislative term.
- D — 8 years is too long for the Bundestag's legislative term.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 111 of 182Catalogue question 115
What does "active suffrage" mean in Germany?
- A — The right to be elected is called "passive suffrage", not active.
- B — There is no compulsory voting in Germany; "must" is wrong here.
- C — Correct: active suffrage is the right to vote — as distinct from passive suffrage, the right to be elected.
- D — There is no obligation to be present at the vote count.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 112 of 182Catalogue question 33
Which statement is correct? In Germany …
- A — Correct: Germany has no state religion; the state and religious communities are organisationally separate (ideological neutrality, Art. 140 Basic Law together with Art. 137 Weimar Constitution), even though some cooperation exists (e.g. collecting church tax).
- B — The opposite is true: the state is not formed by religious communities but is ideologically neutral.
- C — The state is independent of religious communities and makes its decisions with democratic legitimacy.
- D — There is no unity of state and church; Germany is not a state with an established religion.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 113 of 182Catalogue question 83
Who elects the German Federal Chancellor?
- A — There is no direct popular election of the Federal Chancellor.
- B — The Federal Convention elects only the Federal President.
- C — Correct: the Bundestag elects the Federal Chancellor under Art. 63 of the Basic Law.
- D — The federal government consists of the Chancellor and the ministers and does not elect itself.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 114 of 182Catalogue question 85
Who makes up the German Bundesrat?
- A — Bundestag members sit in the Bundestag, not the Bundesrat.
- B — Federal ministers belong to the federal government, not the Bundesrat.
- C — Correct: the Bundesrat consists of members of the state governments, who represent the 16 Länder at the federal level (Art. 51 Basic Law).
- D — Mere party membership does not create membership in the Bundesrat; what matters is holding office in a state government.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 115 of 182Catalogue question 140
What does a lay judge do in Germany? They …
- A — Correct: lay judges (Schöffen) are voluntary lay judges who decide on guilt and sentencing on an equal footing with professional judges (§§ 30 ff. Courts Constitution Act).
- B — Legal advice is the task of lawyers, not lay judges.
- C — Issuing documents is the task of authorities (e.g. the registry office), not lay judges.
- D — Defending the accused is undertaken by a defence lawyer, not a lay judge, who is part of the deciding court.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 116 of 182Catalogue question 234
Where is one of the seats of the European Parliament?
- A — London is in the United Kingdom, which has no longer been an EU member since Brexit, and was never a seat of the European Parliament.
- B — Paris is the seat of many French institutions, but not one of the central seats of the European Parliament.
- C — Berlin is the seat of the German Bundestag, not of the European Parliament.
- D — Correct: Strasbourg is one of the three working locations of the European Parliament (alongside Brussels and Luxembourg), the site of the monthly plenary sessions.
Source: www.europarl.europa.eu
- Question 117 of 182Catalogue question 171
A social market economy means that the economy …
- A — Pure regulation by supply and demand without state balancing describes a free market economy, not a social market economy.
- B — Complete state planning without market mechanisms describes a planned economy, the opposite of a social market economy.
- C — Germany's economic order is not primarily governed by foreign demand but by the domestic market and social security.
- D — Correct: the social market economy combines the market mechanisms of supply and demand with a state-organised social balance, for example through social insurance and worker protection.
Source: www.bpb.de
- Question 118 of 182Catalogue question 63
Which of these does not belong to the executive in Germany?
- A — The police are part of the executive branch at the state level.
- B — Correct: the courts form the judiciary — an independent branch of state power, separate from the executive (Art. 20(2), 92 Basic Law).
- C — The tax office is an administrative authority and part of the executive.
- D — The ministries are the core of the executive branch.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 119 of 182Catalogue question 205
With East Germany's accession to the Federal Republic of Germany, the new federal states now also belong to …
- A — Correct: through accession to the Federal Republic, the new states automatically became part of what was then the European Community (today's EU), without a separate accession process.
- B — The Warsaw Pact dissolved in 1991; the new states did not join it but left its sphere of influence with reunification.
- C — OPEC is an oil-exporting cartel that the federal states have nothing to do with.
- D — The European Defence Community was a failed project of the 1950s and no longer existed at all in 1990.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 120 of 182Catalogue question 240
Since when has cash payment in euros been possible in Germany?
- A — 1995 is before the introduction of the euro; the Deutsche Mark was still in circulation at the time.
- B — In 1998, the European Central Bank was founded and the exchange rate was fixed, but there was no euro cash yet.
- C — Correct: on 1 January 2002, euro coins and notes were introduced as cash, finally replacing the Deutsche Mark.
- D — 2005 is three years after cash was actually introduced.
Source: www.bundesbank.de
- Question 121 of 182Catalogue question 50
Germany's economic system is called …
- A — A "free central economy" is a contradictory term and not a designation of the German economic system.
- B — Correct: the social market economy combines free competition with social balance (social insurance, worker protection) — Germany's economic model since 1948/49.
- C — A centrally directed economy contradicts Germany's market-based economic order.
- D — A planned economy, as existed in East Germany, is the opposite of West Germany's social market economy.
Source: www.bpb.de
- Question 122 of 182Catalogue question 29
Which animal is the heraldic animal of the Federal Republic of Germany?
- A — The lion is the heraldic animal of other countries or of individual German Länder (e.g. Hesse), not of the federal state.
- B — Correct: the federal eagle has been Germany's heraldic animal since the Weimar Republic, going back to imperial symbolism.
- C — The bear is Berlin's heraldic animal, not the federal one.
- D — The horse is Lower Saxony's heraldic animal, not the federal one.
Source: www.bundespraesident.de
- Question 123 of 182Catalogue question 49
In Germany, who determines school policy?
- A — Teachers implement education policy in the classroom but do not set it.
- B — Correct: under the Basic Law, education is a matter for the individual states ("cultural sovereignty" of the Länder) — each federal state has its own school law and ministry of education.
- C — There is no federal "family ministry" that determines school policy; education policy lies with the states, not the federal government.
- D — Universities are part of higher education, not the general school policy for which the states are responsible.
Source: www.kmk.org
- Question 124 of 182Catalogue question 252
In Germany …
- A — Correct: monogamy applies in Germany; under § 1306 of the Civil Code, marriage is forbidden while another marriage already exists.
- B — Polygamy (multiple marriage) is expressly forbidden in Germany (§ 1306 Civil Code, § 172 Criminal Code — bigamy is a criminal offence).
- C — After a legally final divorce or the death of a spouse, one may remarry; there is no ban on remarriage.
- D — Widowed women may of course remarry; there is no such restriction.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 125 of 182Catalogue question 130Image question
Which ballot paper would be valid in a Bundestag election?
- A — Whether this ballot paper is valid depends on the specific marking — a valid ballot has exactly one clear mark per vote and no identifying additions.
- B — Whether this ballot paper is valid depends on the specific marking — a valid ballot has exactly one clear mark per vote and no identifying additions.
- C — Whether this ballot paper is valid depends on the specific marking — a valid ballot has exactly one clear mark per vote and no identifying additions.
- D — Whether this ballot paper is valid depends on the specific marking — a valid ballot has exactly one clear mark per vote and no identifying additions.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 126 of 182Catalogue question 65
Which of these is not a responsibility of the German Bundestag?
- A — Initiating and passing laws are core tasks of the Bundestag.
- B — Holding the government to account (including through questions and committees of inquiry) is a central Bundestag task.
- C — The election of the Federal Chancellor by the Bundestag is regulated in Art. 63 of the Basic Law.
- D — Correct: the cabinet — the federal ministers — is proposed by the Federal Chancellor and appointed by the Federal President, not formed by the Bundestag.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 127 of 182Catalogue question 27
Germany is …
- A — Germany has a social market economy, not a socialist economic system.
- B — Correct: Germany is a federal state made up of 16 Länder with their own state authority (Art. 20(1) Basic Law).
- C — Germany has free elections, separation of powers and basic rights — the opposite of a dictatorship.
- D — Germany has no hereditary head of state, so it is not a monarchy.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 128 of 182Catalogue question 144
A judge in Germany belongs to the …
- A — Executive power comprises the government and administration, not independent judges.
- B — Correct: under Art. 92 of the Basic Law, judges exercise judicial power.
- C — "Planning power" is not one of the branches of state power named in the Basic Law.
- D — Legislative power lies with the Bundestag and Bundesrat, not the courts.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 129 of 182Catalogue question 119
Elections in Germany are free. What does that mean?
- A — Offenders do not automatically lose the right to vote upon conviction — withdrawal is only possible in narrowly regulated exceptional cases (§ 45(5) Criminal Code).
- B — There is no general statutory duty on employers to give time off for voting — voting takes place outside working hours or by postal vote.
- C — Correct: freedom of elections (Art. 38(1) Basic Law) means that nobody may be forced to vote at all, or in a particular way.
- D — The polling place is generally tied to one's residence (constituency/polling station), not freely chosen — the exception is a postal voting certificate or another polling station within the constituency.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 130 of 182Catalogue question 173
The Federal Republic of Germany is a founding member of …
- A — West Germany only joined NATO in 1955 — not a founding member (NATO was founded in 1949).
- B — West Germany only joined the United Nations in 1973, together with East Germany — not a founding member (the UN was founded in 1945).
- C — Correct: the Federal Republic of Germany was one of the six founding members of the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957/58, from which the EU later emerged.
- D — The Warsaw Pact (1955) was the Eastern military alliance led by the Soviet Union; West Germany was a member of NATO, not the Warsaw Pact, and even East Germany only joined it after its founding.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 131 of 182Catalogue question 146
What is a proceeding before a court called in Germany?
- A — "Programme" is not a legal technical term for court proceedings.
- B — "Procedure" is a general-language term, not the German technical designation for a court proceeding.
- C — A "protocol" is the written record of a hearing, not the proceeding itself.
- D — Correct: a court proceeding is called a Prozess (trial) in Germany.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 132 of 182Catalogue question 143
A judge in Germany belongs to the …
- A — Correct: judges exercise judicial power, the judiciary (Art. 92 Basic Law).
- B — The executive consists of the government and administration, not independent judges.
- C — "Operative" is not one of the three classic branches of state power.
- D — The legislature consists of the Bundestag and Bundesrat, not judges.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 133 of 182Catalogue question 42
In Germany, who passes a new law?
- A — The government can introduce bills but does not pass them itself — that is a matter for the legislature.
- B — Correct: laws are passed by parliament (the Bundestag, and for consent laws together with the Bundesrat) — this is central to the separation of powers.
- C — Courts apply laws and review their constitutionality but do not enact them.
- D — The police enforce existing law but have no legislative function.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 134 of 182Catalogue question 62
When a German federal state's parliament is elected, this is called …
- A — A municipal election concerns the level of municipalities and districts, not the state parliament.
- B — Correct: the election of a state parliament (Landtag; in the city-states, the Bürgerschaft/Abgeordnetenhaus) is called a Landtagswahl.
- C — The European election determines the German members of the European Parliament, not a state parliament.
- D — The Bundestag election determines the all-German parliament, not that of an individual federal state.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
- Question 135 of 182Catalogue question 54
Which of these is not a branch of state power in Germany?
- A — The legislature is one of the three classic branches of state power.
- B — The judiciary is one of the three classic branches of state power.
- C — The executive is one of the three classic branches of state power.
- D — Correct: "Directive" is not a term used in the separation of powers under Art. 20(2) of the Basic Law — the three branches are legislature, executive and judiciary.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 136 of 182Catalogue question 214
What colours does the German flag have?
- A — Correct: Art. 22(2) of the Basic Law establishes black, red and gold as the federal flag — colours with a tradition dating back to the Wars of Liberation and the Weimar Republic.
- B — Red, white and black were the colours of the German Empire (1871–1918), not today's federal flag.
- C — Black, red and green is not a historical or current German national flag.
- D — Black, yellow and red is the wrong order/combination — the correct flag is black, red and gold.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 137 of 182Catalogue question 34
Which of these is Germany not?
- A — Germany is a parliamentary democracy with free elections.
- B — Germany is a state governed by the rule of law: the law binds the state itself too.
- C — Correct: Germany is not a monarchy — the head of state is elected, not inherited.
- D — Germany is a welfare state (Art. 20(1) Basic Law) with comprehensive social insurance.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 138 of 182Catalogue question 148
What is a task of the police in Germany?
- A — National defence is the task of the Bundeswehr (Art. 87a Basic Law), not the police.
- B — Blanket wiretapping of citizens without cause is unconstitutional; surveillance measures are subject to strict rule-of-law requirements and judicial oversight.
- C — Laws are passed by parliament, not the police.
- D — Correct: core police tasks include averting danger and monitoring compliance with applicable laws.
Source: www.bmi.bund.de
- Question 139 of 182Catalogue question 133
What is permitted at Bundestag and Landtag elections in Germany?
- A — Voting on someone else's behalf is forbidden — the right to vote is strictly personal (exception: an assistant for someone with a disability, who only provides technical support and does not decide themselves).
- B — Correct: postal voting (§ 36 Federal Elections Act) is a permitted, and in practice very commonly used, way to cast a vote without appearing in person at the polling station.
- C — Voting by phone is not permitted, for reasons of ballot secrecy and protection against fraud.
- D — The minimum voting age for Bundestag and most Landtag elections is 18, not 14.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 140 of 182Catalogue question 4
Which right is one of the basic rights in Germany?
- A — Gun ownership is not a basic right in Germany but is strictly regulated by the Weapons Act.
- B — The law of the fist — force instead of law — contradicts the rule-of-law principle and is not a basic right.
- C — Correct: freedom of expression is guaranteed as a basic right in Art. 5(1) of the Basic Law.
- D — Vigilante justice, punishing someone without a court, is forbidden; only the state holds the monopoly on the legitimate use of force.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 141 of 182Catalogue question 272
Which way of living together is not permitted in Germany?
- A — Divorced people may freely live together with new partners; this is legally unproblematic.
- B — Same-sex cohabitation is permitted in Germany and legally protected, including marriage for all since 2017.
- C — Single parents living together with their children are a completely legal and common family form.
- D — Correct: under § 1306 of the Civil Code, marriage is forbidden while one spouse already has another marriage — polygamy (multiple marriage) is not permitted in Germany and is even a criminal offence as bigamy (§ 172 Criminal Code).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 142 of 182Catalogue question 226Image question
Which one is the flag of the European Union?
- A — Only one of the four pictures shows the blue flag with twelve golden stars in a circle; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
- B — Only one of the four pictures shows the blue flag with twelve golden stars in a circle; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
- C — Only one of the four pictures shows the blue flag with twelve golden stars in a circle; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
- D — Only one of the four pictures shows the blue flag with twelve golden stars in a circle; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 143 of 182Catalogue question 20
A party in Germany pursues the goal of establishing a dictatorship. It is then …
- A — Striving for a dictatorship is the opposite of tolerance toward pluralistic democracy.
- B — A dictatorship directly contradicts the rule-of-law principle, which presupposes separation of powers and basic rights.
- C — The goal of eliminating the free democratic basic order is incompatible with being law-abiding.
- D — Correct: a party seeking a dictatorship works against the free democratic basic order and is unconstitutional; the Federal Constitutional Court can ban it under Art. 21(2) of the Basic Law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 144 of 182Catalogue question 88
The parliamentary opposition in the German Bundestag …
- A — Correct: a central function of the opposition is holding the government to account, for example through questions, debates and committees of inquiry.
- B — Federal ministers are proposed by the Federal Chancellor and appointed by the Federal President, not determined by the opposition.
- C — Members of the Bundesrat are sent by the state governments, not determined by the Bundestag opposition.
- D — The heads of government of the Länder are elected by their respective state parliaments, not proposed by the Bundestag opposition.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 145 of 182Catalogue question 222
Which country is a neighbouring country of Germany?
- A — Hungary does not border Germany directly; Austria and Slovakia/Czechia lie between them.
- B — Portugal lies on the Atlantic in the far west of the Iberian Peninsula, far from Germany.
- C — Spain does not border Germany; France lies between them.
- D — Correct: Switzerland is one of Germany's nine direct neighbouring countries, to the south.
Source: www.auswaertiges-amt.de
- Question 146 of 182Catalogue question 225
In which other country is there a large German-speaking population?
- A — In Czechia, Czech is the national language; German is not spoken by a large share of the population.
- B — In Norway, Norwegian is the national language, with no significant German-speaking population.
- C — In Spain, Spanish is the national language, with no significant German-speaking population.
- D — Correct: Austria has German as its official language and a predominantly German-speaking population — one of the countries with the most native German speakers besides Germany.
Source: www.bmeia.gv.at
- Question 147 of 182Catalogue question 126
What do eligible citizens in Germany receive before an election?
- A — Correct: before every election, the municipality sends a notification card with details of the polling station and time to everyone registered on the electoral roll.
- B — There is no "voting permit" issued by the Federal President; the right to vote follows directly from the law.
- C — The Federal Convention only meets to elect the Federal President and does not send out notification cards.
- D — The parish office is a church, not a state, body and does not send out notification cards.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
- Question 148 of 182Catalogue question 78
What does the abbreviation SPD stand for?
- A — "Socialist Party of Germany" is not the official name; the SPD distinguishes itself programmatically from socialism in the narrower sense.
- B — "Social Policy Party of Germany" is not the correct expansion of the abbreviation.
- C — Correct: SPD stands for Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party of Germany), founded in 1863 as the oldest still-existing German party.
- D — "Social Justice Party of Germany" is not a real designation.
Source: www.spd.de
- Question 149 of 182Catalogue question 75
What is the name of Germany's current head of state?
- A — Correct: Frank-Walter Steinmeier has been Federal President, and thus Germany's head of state, since 2017; his second term runs until the Federal Convention in January 2027.
- B — Bärbel Bas is Federal Minister for Labour and Social Affairs, not the head of state.
- C — Bodo Ramelow was Minister-President of Thuringia, not Federal President.
- D — Joachim Gauck was Federal President from 2012 to 2017 — no longer in office.
Source: www.bundespraesident.de
- Question 150 of 182Catalogue question 22
What form of government does Germany have?
- A — Germany has no head of state by hereditary succession; it is not a monarchy.
- B — Germany is a democracy with free elections, not a dictatorship.
- C — Correct: Germany is a republic — the head of state (Federal President) is elected, not inherited (Art. 20(1) Basic Law).
- D — A principality is ruled by a prince; that does not apply to Germany.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 151 of 182Catalogue question 92
What does the abbreviation CSU stand for in Germany?
- A — "Christian Secure Union" is not the correct expansion of the abbreviation CSU.
- B — "Christian South German Union" is not the official name, even though the CSU is active only in Bavaria.
- C — The CSU is a political party, not an entrepreneurs' association.
- D — Correct: CSU stands for Christlich Soziale Union (Christian Social Union), the Bavarian sister party of the CDU, founded in 1945.
Source: www.csu.de
- Question 152 of 182Catalogue question 110
For how many years is the Bundestag elected in Germany?
- A — 2 years is too short for the Bundestag's legislative term.
- B — 3 years is too short for the Bundestag's legislative term.
- C — Correct: under Art. 39 of the Basic Law, the Bundestag is elected for four years.
- D — 5 years is too long for the Bundestag's legislative term (that applies roughly to the European Parliament).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 153 of 182Catalogue question 245
Who is not allowed to live together as a couple in Germany?
- A — Two adults of different genders may live together regardless of the age difference.
- B — Two adult men may live together regardless of the age difference and their sexual orientation — same-sex partnerships are legally protected.
- C — Two adult women may live together regardless of the age difference.
- D — Correct: at 13, Anne is below the age of criminal responsibility and a minor; living together as a couple with a 25-year-old would be incompatible with child protection law and the criminal provisions on the sexual abuse of children (§ 176 Criminal Code).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 154 of 182Catalogue question 19
What is meant by the right to "freedom of movement" in Germany?
- A — Correct: freedom of movement (Art. 11 Basic Law) guarantees the right to freely choose your place of residence anywhere in the federal territory.
- B — That is freedom of occupation (Art. 12 Basic Law), a separate basic right — not freedom of movement.
- C — That is freedom of religion (Art. 4 Basic Law), a separate basic right — not freedom of movement.
- D — Questions of clothing relate at most to the general freedom of action, not to the specific right of freedom of movement.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 155 of 182Catalogue question 93
The more "second votes" a party receives in a Bundestag election, the …
- A — First votes and second votes are cast independently of each other; the number of second votes does not limit the number of first votes.
- B — The number of directly won constituency seats depends on the first votes in the constituencies, not directly on the number of second votes.
- C — The number of second votes determines seat allocation, not the risk of a coalition — coalitions arise from a lack of absolute majorities, independent of one party's success.
- D — Correct: the second vote determines the allocation of seats in the Bundestag under proportional representation — more second votes mean more seats for the party.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
- Question 156 of 182Catalogue question 262
What does the principle of equal treatment mean in Germany?
- A — Correct: the principle of equal treatment (Art. 3 Basic Law, General Equal Treatment Act) forbids discrimination on grounds including disability, gender, ethnic origin, religion or age.
- B — The opposite is true: personal preferences or prejudices do not justify discrimination — the law precisely forbids it.
- C — Those affected may legally defend themselves against discrimination, including through lawsuits under the General Equal Treatment Act — the opposite of what is stated.
- D — There is no statutory duty to donate to disadvantaged groups; the Equal Treatment Act regulates prohibitions on discrimination, not payment obligations.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 157 of 182Catalogue question 8
What is not in Germany's Basic Law?
- A — This sentence appears word for word in Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law — so it IS in the Basic Law.
- B — Correct: the Basic Law guarantees equality before the law (Art. 3), not equality of wealth. Germany is a social market economy, not a system of equal distribution.
- C — This right follows from freedom of expression in Art. 5(1) of the Basic Law — so it IS in the Basic Law.
- D — This principle appears word for word in Art. 3(1) of the Basic Law — so it IS in the Basic Law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 158 of 182Catalogue question 102
With what can someone be honoured in the Federal Republic of Germany for a special achievement in the political, economic, cultural, intellectual or social field? With the …
- A — Correct: the Federal Cross of Merit (officially: Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany) is the highest honour the Federal Republic awards for special merit.
- B — The federal eagle is Germany's heraldic animal, not an award for personal achievement.
- C — The Order of Merit of the Fatherland was an East German award, not one of the Federal Republic.
- D — The honorary title "Hero of the German Democratic Republic" was an East German award and has not existed since 1990.
Source: www.bundespraesident.de
- Question 159 of 182Catalogue question 124
The Bundestag election in Germany is the election of …
- A — The Federal Chancellor is elected by the Bundestag, not directly by the people in the Bundestag election.
- B — The state parliaments are elected in separate Landtag elections, not in the Bundestag election.
- C — Correct: the Bundestag election determines the composition of the Bundestag, the parliament for the whole of Germany.
- D — The Federal President is elected by the Federal Convention, not in the Bundestag election.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 160 of 182Catalogue question 18
Which basic right is guaranteed in Article 1 of the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany?
- A — Correct: Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law reads "Human dignity shall be inviolable" — the central opening sentence of the Basic Law.
- B — The right to life and physical integrity is in Art. 2(2) of the Basic Law, not Art. 1.
- C — Freedom of religion is regulated in Art. 4 of the Basic Law, not Art. 1.
- D — Freedom of expression is in Art. 5 of the Basic Law, not Art. 1.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 161 of 182Catalogue question 145
In Germany, state power is divided. Which branch of state power does a judge work for? For the …
- A — Correct: judges are part of the judiciary, the judicial branch (Art. 92 Basic Law).
- B — The executive comprises the government and administration, not independent judges.
- C — The press is often called the "fourth estate", but it is not one of the three branches of state power named in the Basic Law.
- D — The legislature consists of the Bundestag and Bundesrat, not judges.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 162 of 182Catalogue question 108
At a Bundestag election in Germany, anyone may vote who …
- A — Mere residence and the wish to vote are not enough — German citizenship is a requirement for voting in Bundestag elections.
- B — Correct: under Art. 38(2) of the Basic Law, anyone who is a German citizen and at least 18 years old is entitled to vote.
- C — Mere residence of 3 years does not establish the right to vote in Bundestag elections without German citizenship.
- D — 21 is the wrong age threshold; the minimum age is 18.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 163 of 182Catalogue question 90
The German federal states participate in federal legislation through …
- A — Correct: the Bundesrat is the constitutional organ through which the 16 Länder participate in federal legislation (Art. 50 Basic Law).
- B — The Federal Convention only elects the Federal President and has nothing to do with ongoing legislation.
- C — The Bundestag is the parliament directly elected by the people, not the Länder's organ of participation.
- D — The federal government is the executive and not the Länder's organ of participation in legislation.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 164 of 182Catalogue question 254
In Germany, married couples may divorce. Usually they must observe the "year of separation" to do so. What does that mean?
- A — The duration of the court divorce proceedings itself varies and is not what "year of separation" refers to.
- B — The length of the marriage itself is not a requirement; what matters is the period of separation, not the period of marriage.
- C — Access rights for the children are not limited to one year and have nothing to do with the year of separation.
- D — Correct: under § 1566 of the Civil Code, a marriage is generally only considered to have failed after one year of living apart and can then be divorced — the year of separation is meant to prevent hasty divorces.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 165 of 182Catalogue question 21Image question
Which one is the coat of arms of the Federal Republic of Germany?
- A — Only one of the four pictures shows the federal eagle with heraldically correct design; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
- B — Only one of the four pictures shows the federal eagle with heraldically correct design; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
- C — Only one of the four pictures shows the federal eagle with heraldically correct design; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
- D — Only one of the four pictures shows the federal eagle with heraldically correct design; the assignment depends on the actual image shown.
Source: www.bundespraesident.de
- Question 166 of 182Catalogue question 265
In Germany, where must you go first if you want to marry?
- A — The residents' registration office handles residence matters, not the marriage itself.
- B — The public order office is responsible for public safety and order, not for marriages.
- C — The employment agency places people in jobs and pays benefits; it has nothing to do with marriages.
- D — Correct: notice of an intended marriage is given at the registry office, which is responsible for civil status matters such as marriage, birth and death.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 167 of 182Catalogue question 55Image question
What does this picture show?
- A — Correct: the picture shows the Reichstag building in Berlin, seat of the German Bundestag since 1999, easily recognisable by its glass dome.
- B — The Federal Constitutional Court sits in Karlsruhe in a different, much more modern building complex, not the Reichstag building.
- C — The Bundesrat meets in its own building on Leipziger Platz in Berlin, not the Reichstag building.
- D — The Federal Chancellery is a separate modern building near the Reichstag, architecturally clearly distinguishable.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 168 of 182Catalogue question 1
In Germany, people may openly say something against the government because …
- A — Freedom of religion (Art. 4 Basic Law) protects belief and worship, not political criticism of the government.
- B — The duty to pay tax comes from tax law and creates no right to free speech.
- C — The right to vote (Art. 38 Basic Law) governs casting a ballot, not speaking freely day to day.
- D — Correct: Art. 5(1) Basic Law guarantees everyone the right to express their opinion freely — including sharp criticism of the government.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 169 of 182Catalogue question 70Image question
In 1974, Federal President Gustav Heinemann hands Helmut Schmidt his certificate of appointment as Federal Chancellor. What is one of the responsibilities of the German Federal President?
- A — Day-to-day government business is run by the Federal Chancellor with the cabinet, not the Federal President.
- B — Controlling the governing party is the task of parliament (the opposition), not the head of state.
- C — The ministers are chosen by the Federal Chancellor and only presented to the Federal President for appointment.
- D — Correct: under Art. 63(1) of the Basic Law, the Federal President proposes a candidate for Chancellor to the Bundestag for election and appoints them after the election, as shown in the 1974 photo.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 170 of 182Catalogue question 125
In a democracy, one function of regular elections is …
- A — There is no compulsory voting in Germany; forcing people to cast a vote contradicts electoral freedom.
- B — Correct: regular, free elections enable a peaceful change of power in line with the will of the voters — a core feature of democracy.
- C — Elections exist precisely to change policy and thus also laws, not to keep them unchanged.
- D — Elections do not allocate power by wealth class; every vote counts equally, regardless of income (Art. 38(1) Basic Law, principle of equality).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 171 of 182Catalogue question 31
In Germany, parties working together to form a government is called …
- A — "Unity" is not an established political term for a governing alliance.
- B — Correct: a coalition is an alliance of several parties to jointly form a government, usually needed because no single party has a majority.
- C — A ministry is an executive authority, not an alliance of parties.
- D — A parliamentary group (Fraktion) is the grouping of one party's members in parliament, not the governing alliance itself.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 172 of 182Catalogue question 44
As a citizen in Germany, who can you not vote for directly?
- A — Members of the European Parliament are elected directly by citizens (European elections).
- B — Correct: the Federal President is not elected by the people but by the Federal Convention (Art. 54 Basic Law), a body that convenes specially from the Bundestag and state representatives.
- C — State parliament (Landtag) members are elected directly by the citizens of their respective federal state.
- D — Bundestag members are elected directly by the eligible electorate (Art. 38 Basic Law).
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 173 of 182Catalogue question 71
Where is the German Federal Chancellor most often based? Most often they are …
- A — Bonn was the provisional capital until the federal government moved in 1999; today the Chancellor resides in Berlin.
- B — Schloss Meseberg serves as a guest house for selected occasions but is not the Chancellor's regular location.
- C — Schloss Bellevue is the official seat of the Federal President, not the Federal Chancellor.
- D — Correct: since the government's move in 1999, the Federal Chancellor has worked at the Federal Chancellery in Berlin, where the Bundestag also sits.
Source: www.bundeskanzler.de
- Question 174 of 182Catalogue question 10
Which of these is compatible with the German Basic Law?
- A — Corporal punishment contradicts the inviolability of human dignity (Art. 1 Basic Law) and is forbidden.
- B — Torture is absolutely forbidden — it violates human dignity at its core (Art. 1 together with Art. 104(1) Basic Law) and is prohibited without exception.
- C — The death penalty is expressly abolished in Germany under Art. 102 of the Basic Law.
- D — Correct: a monetary fine is a regular sanction provided for in the Criminal Code and is compatible with the Basic Law.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 175 of 182Catalogue question 253
Where do you have to register when you move in Germany?
- A — Correct: under the Federal Registration Act, everyone must register with the residents' registration office of their new municipality within two weeks of moving.
- B — The registry office is responsible for civil status matters such as marriage, birth and death, not for residence registration.
- C — The public order office deals with local public safety and order, not with residence registration.
- D — The trade licensing office is responsible for registering businesses, not private changes of residence.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 176 of 182Catalogue question 216Image question
Which symbol can be seen in the plenary chamber of the German Bundestag?
- A — Correct: above the seating rows in the plenary chamber of the Reichstag building, the stylised federal eagle is mounted, the emblem of the Federal Republic.
- B — Berlin's state flag (a bear on a white and red background) is not the symbol displayed in the Bundestag's plenary chamber.
- C — "Reichsadler" is a historical term for earlier forms (Empire, Weimar Republic, Nazi era); today's symbol in the Bundestag is the democratic federal eagle of the post-war period.
- D — An imperial crown does not hang in the plenary chamber; it is a historical coronation insignia, not a symbol of the Federal Republic.
Source: www.bundestag.de
- Question 177 of 182Catalogue question 224
What does the abbreviation EU stand for?
- A — "European Enterprises" is not the correct expansion of the abbreviation EU.
- B — Correct: EU stands for European Union, the confederation of states founded in 1993 by the Maastricht Treaty.
- C — "Unified Union" is not an official designation.
- D — "Euro Union" confuses the eurozone (monetary union) with the EU as a whole — not all EU states use the euro.
Source: european-union.europa.eu
- Question 178 of 182Catalogue question 131
In Germany, a mayor is …
- A — A headteacher leads an educational institution but is not a mayor.
- B — A bank head leads a financial institution and has no municipal function.
- C — Correct: the mayor is the elected head of a municipality and leads its administration.
- D — A party chairperson leads a political party, not necessarily a municipality.
Source: www.bmi.bund.de
- Question 179 of 182Catalogue question 280
If you want to challenge an incorrect tax assessment in Germany, you must …
- A — Inaction results in the incorrect assessment becoming final after the deadline expires — you lose the right to have it corrected.
- B — Throwing the notice away does not change its legal validity; the obligation to pay remains.
- C — Correct: an objection to an incorrect tax assessment must be filed in writing with the tax office within one month of notification (§ 355 Fiscal Code).
- D — Waiting leads to the incorrect assessment becoming final once the deadline expires; a new notice does not arrive automatically.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 180 of 182Catalogue question 51
Which of these is NOT part of a democratic state governed by the rule of law?
- A — Criticism of the government is protected by freedom of expression and typical of a state governed by the rule of law.
- B — Peaceful demonstrations are a basic right (Art. 8 Basic Law) and typical of a state governed by the rule of law.
- C — Correct: Germany has no "private police" with powers of arrest — only the state holds the monopoly on the legitimate use of force, and arrests require a legal basis. Arbitrary arrests contradict the rule-of-law principle.
- D — Being arrested for a crime, on a legal basis, is precisely a hallmark of a functioning rule-of-law state.
Source: www.gesetze-im-internet.de
- Question 181 of 182Catalogue question 235Image question
The then French President François Mitterrand and the then German Chancellor Helmut Kohl jointly commemorate the dead of both world wars in Verdun. Which goal of the European Union becomes clear at this meeting?
- A — Verdun was a battlefield of the First World War between Germany and France; England was not the subject of this meeting.
- B — Freedom of travel concerns freedom of movement of people in the internal market (Schengen), not the symbolic meaning of the 1984 Verdun gesture.
- C — Correct: the joint commemoration in 1984 of the millions of dead from both world wars symbolised Franco-German reconciliation and stood for the central EU goal of securing lasting peace and security in Europe through cooperation.
- D — Uniform public holidays are not an EU goal and have no connection to the Verdun meeting.
Source: www.bundesregierung.de
- Question 182 of 182Catalogue question 113
In Germany, elections are won by the party that …
- A — Correct: the party that receives the most votes is elected (or becomes the strongest force) — specifically the most second votes, which determine seat allocation.
- B — The election result does not depend on the votes of a particular gender group but on the total number of votes from all voters.
- C — The election result does not depend on the votes of a particular occupational group but on the total vote count.
- D — There is no direct "Chancellor election" via the first vote; the first vote elects constituency candidates, not the Chancellor.
Source: www.bundeswahlleiterin.de
Last checked: · Question catalogue in force since 2024-07-01 · Every figure on this page is checked against its primary source.